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Sin Definition

sin

See also Appendix:Variations of "sin"

Contents

Translingual

Symbol

sin

  1. (mathematics) A symbol of the trigonometric function sine.

English

Wikipedia has an article on: Sin

Etymology 1

From Old English synn, from Proto-Germanic *sunþiz/Proto-Germanic *sundijō, probably ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₁es- (“to be”), cognate to is.[1] Cognates include West Frisian sûnde (“sin”), Old Norse synd, Old High German sunta, Danish synd, and German Sünde, among many others.

Alternative forms

Pronunciation

Noun

sin (plural sins)

  1. (theology) A violation of a moral or religious law; an error.
  2. A misdeed.
Derived terms
Related terms
Translations
violation of religious law
  • Arabic: خطيئة (ar) (xaṭīʾa) f., إثم (ar) (ʾiṯm) m.
  • Armenian: մեղք (hy) (meġk')
  • Azeri: günah (az)
  • Belarusian: грэх (be) (hrex) m.
  • Bengali: পাতক (bn) (patôk), পাপ (bn) (pap)
  • Bulgarian: грях (bg) (grjah) m.
  • Catalan: pecat (ca) m.
  • Chinese:
    Mandarin: 罪 (zh) (zuì)
  • Czech: hřích (cs) m.
  • Danish: synd (da)
  • Dutch: zonde (nl)
  • Esperanto: peko (eo)
  • Estonian: patt (et)
  • Faroese: synd (fo) f.
  • Finnish: synti (fi)
  • French: péché (fr) m.
  • Georgian: ცოდვა (ka) (c’odva)
  • German: Sünde (de) f.
  • Greek: αμαρτία (el) (amartía) f., αμάρτημα (el) (amártima) n.
    Ancient: ἁμάρτημα (hamartēma) n.
  • Hebrew: חטא (he) (khet) m.
  • Hindi: पाप (hi) (pāp) m., गुनाह (hi) (gunāh) m., ख़ता (hi) (xatā) m.
  • Hungarian: bűn (hu), vétség (hu)
  • Icelandic: synd (is) f.
  • Indonesian: dosa (id)
  • Irish: peaca (ga) m.
  • Italian: peccato (it)
  • Japanese: 罪 (ja) (つみ, tsumi)
  • Kazakh: күнә (kk) (qünä)
  • Khmer: បាប (km) (baap), អំពើបាប (km) (ɑmpəə baap)
  • Korean: 죄 (ko) (joe) (罪 (ko))
  • Lao: ບາບ (lo) (bāp)
  • Latin: peccatum (la) n., scelus (la) n.
misdeed
The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables, removing any numbers. Numbers do not necessarily match those in definitions. See instructions at Help:How to check translations.
Translations to be checked
  • Albanian: gjynah m.
  • Arabic: اثم (’iθm)
  • Catalan: pecat m.
  • Cebuano: salä
  • Mandarin: 罪 (zuì)
  • Dutch: zonde f.
  • Greek: αμάρτημα (amártima) n., αμαρτία (amartía) f., παράπτωμα (paráptoma) n., ανόμημα (anómima) n.
  • Gujarati: ગુનો (guno) m.
  • Hawaiian: hala
  • Hebrew: חטא (he) (kheta), עון (he) (a`-ohn)
  • Hindi: गुनाह (gunāh) m., पाप (pāp) m., अपराध (aprādh) m., ख़ता (khatā)
  • Hungarian: bűn (hu)
  • Indonesian: dosa (id)
  • Italian: peccato (it) m., colpa (it) f.
  • Korean: 죄 (ko) (joe)
  • Malayalam: (pãpam)
  • Marathi: पाप (pāp), दुष्कृत्य (duShkRuty)
  • Occitan: pecat (oc) m.
  • Old Church Slavonic: грѣхъ (grěxŭ) m.
  • Persian: گناه (gunāh), خطا (khatā), بزه (baze)
  • Sanskrit: पाप (pāp)
  • Spanish: pecado (es) m.
  • Swedish: synd (sv) c.
  • Turkish: günah
  • Urdu: گناہ (gunāh) m., پاپ (pāp) m., اپرادھ (aprādh) m., خطا (khatā)

Verb

sin (third-person singular simple present sins, present participle sinning, simple past and past participle sinned)

  1. (intransitive, theology) To commit a sin.
Derived terms
Translations
to commit a sin

References

  1. ^ “sin” in the Online Etymology Dictionary, Douglas Harper, 2001

Etymology 2

Modification of shin.

Alternative forms

Pronunciation

This entry needs pronunciation information. If you are familiar with enPR, IPA or SAMPA then please add some! Particularly: “if the same as in Etymology 1, then put that Pron section before Etymology 1”

Noun

sin (plural sins)

  1. A letter of the Hebrew alphabet; שׂ
  2. A letter of the Arabic alphabet; س

Anagrams

Breton

Etymology

Latin signum.

Noun

sin m.

  1. sign

Danish

Pronoun

sin c. (neuter sit, plural sine)

  1. (reflexive possessive) third-person sg. pronoun, meaning his/her/its (own)
    Han læste sin bog - He read his (own) book
    Compare: Han læste hans bog - He read his (somebody else's) book

See also

Danish personal pronouns
Number Person Inflection Nominative Accusative Possessive Reflexive Reflexive possessive
Singular First common jeg mig min
neuter mit
plural mine
Second common du dig din
neuter dit
plural dine
polite form De Dem Deres
Third masculine han ham hans sig sin
feminine hun hende hendes
common den den dens
neuter det det dets sit
plural sine
Plural First — vi os vores
common vor
neuter vort
plural vore
Second – I jer jeres
polite form De Dem Deres
Third – de dem deres sig

Esperanto

Pronoun

sin

  1. accusative of si

Icelandic

Pronunciation

Noun

sin f. (genitive singular sinar, plural sinar)

  1. sinew, tendon

Declension

declension of sin
singular plural
indefinite definite indefinite definite
nominative sin sinin sinar sinarnar
accusative sin sinina sinar sinarnar
dative sin sininni sinum sinunum
genitive sinar sinarinnar sina sinanna

Irish

Etymology

From Old Irish sin.

Pronunciation

Determiner

sin

  1. (used with the definite article) that
    an buachaill sin — "that boy"

Pronoun

sin (demonstrative pronoun)

  1. that
    Sin é mo dheartháir – "That is my brother."

Middle Low German

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

From Old Saxon sīn from Proto-Germanic *sīnaz.

Pronoun

sîn

  1. (possessive) his; possessive form of he
  2. of his; genitive form of he
    • lohant ret her Zeno hen na Verona to dem vader sin.
      John rode Sir Zeno to Verona, to the father of his.
  3. sometimes used to form the genitive
    • Deme könnink sin land, dat is: des könninges land.
      The king his land, that is: the king's land.
  4. (possessive) its; possessive form of it
  5. of it; genitive form of it

Etymology 2

From Old Saxon sīn.

Verb

sîn

  1. to be; alternative infinitive of wesen
Usage notes

Navajo

Pronunciation

Noun

sin (possessed form -yiin)

  1. song

Derived terms

Norwegian

Pronoun

sin m. (feminine si, neuter sitt, plural sine)

  1. her, his, hers, its
  2. genitive s
    Det var skolen sin bil. – It was the school's car.

Old Dutch

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *sīnaz.

Determiner

sīn m. and n.

  1. his, its

Descendants

Old English

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *sīnaz (“his, her, its, their”, genitive reflexive), from Proto-Indo-European *seinos (“his”), genitive of *só (“that”). Cognate with Old Frisian sīn (“his, its”), Old Saxon sīn (“his”) (Middle Low German sin), Dutch zijn, Old High German sīn (“his”) (German sein), Old Norse sínn (“one's own”), Old English sē (“that, that one, he”). More at the.

Pronoun

sīn

  1. (rare, chiefly dialectal, reflexive possessive pronoun) His; her; its; their.
    him Hrōþgār ġewāt tō hofe sīnum — For him Hrothgar went to his courtyard
    þæt wīf tredeð mid sīnum fōtom — The woman walked with her feet
    þec Israhēla heriað, herran sīnne — Israel plunders thee, their lords

Usage notes

Old Irish

Etymology

From Proto-Celtic *sindo- (compare Welsh hyn) < Proto-Indo-European *sḗm (“one”) or Proto-Indo-European *só (“that”); strong doublet of in (“the”).

Determiner

sin

  1. that (used after the noun, which is preceded by the definite article)
    a ndéde sin – "that pair (of things)"

Synonyms

Descendants

Old Saxon

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *sīnaz.

Determiner

sīn m. and n.

  1. his, its

Scottish Gaelic

Etymology

From Old Irish sin.

Pronunciation

Pronoun

sin

  1. that
    Dè tha sin? - What is that?

Derived terms

Determiner

sin

  1. (used with the definite article) that
    an gille sin — that boy

Derived terms

Serbo-Croatian

Etymology 1

From Proto-Slavic *synъ, from Proto-Indo-European *suHnús.

Pronunciation

Noun

sȋn m. (Cyrillic spelling си̑н)

  1. son
Declension
declension of sin
singular plural
nominative sȋn sȉnovi
genitive sȋna sȉnōvā
dative sȋnu sȉnovima
accusative sȋna sȉnove
vocative sȋne sȉnovi
locative sínu sȉnovima
instrumental sȋnom sȉnovima

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

Noun

sȉn m. (Cyrillic spelling си̏н)

  1. sin (letter of various Semitic abjads)
Declension
declension of sin
singular plural
nominative sin sini
genitive sina sina
dative sinu sinima
accusative sina sine
vocative sine sini
locative sinu sinima
instrumental sinom sinima

Slovene

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *synъ, from Proto-Indo-European *suHnús.

Noun

sín m.

  1. son (a male person in relation to his parents)

Spanish

Etymology

From Latin sine.

Pronunciation

Preposition

sin

  1. without

Antonyms

Related terms

Swedish

Etymology 1

Nominalisation of sina (“run dry”).

Noun

sin

  1. Dryness, the state of having run dry.
Usage notes

Most commonly used when referring to either milk or funds.

Etymology 2

From Old Swedish sīn, from Old Norse sínn, from Proto-Germanic *sīnaz. Cognate with Danish sin, Gothic 𐍃𐌴𐌹𐌽𐍃 (seins), German sein, Dutch zijn.

Pronunciation

Pronoun

sin c. (neuter sitt, plural sina)

  1. his (own), her (own), its (own), their (own). (Reflexive possessive third person pronoun).
    Han hämtade sin post för tio minuter sedan
    He picked up his (own) mail ten minutes ago
    Compare: Han hämtade hans post för tio minuter sedan
    He picked up his (somebody else’s) mail ten minutes ago.
    Hon samlar sina dikter i en låda
    She collects her poems in a box
    Hunden tycker inte om sitt halsband
    The dog doesn’t like its collar
    De tog sina papper och lämnade mötet
    They brought their papers and left the meeting
Usage notes
Declension
Swedish personal pronouns
subject object possessive
singular full full common neuter plural
1st person jag mig min mitt mina
2nd person du dig din ditt dina
3rd person masculine han honom hans
3rd person feminine hon henne hennes
3rd person common den den dess
3rd person neuter det det dess
3rd person indefinite man en ens
3rd person reflexive — sig sin sitt sina
plural
1st person vi oss vår vårt våra
2nd person ni er er ert era
3rd person de dem deras
3rd person reflexive — sig sin sitt sina

Tatar

Pronoun

sin

  1. you (singular), thou

West Frisian

Noun

sin

  1. sentence
  2. sense

 

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