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List of Surviving Veterans of the Spanish Civil War Information

The following is a list of known surviving veterans of the Spanish Civil War (July 17, 1936 – April 1, 1939). The total number of participating personnel is unknown, but there were an estimated 35,000 foreigners who fought on the Republican side in what was known as the International Brigades. In addition, Adolf Hitler of Nazi Germany sent as many as 20,000 soldiers (not all at the same time) and Benito Mussolini of Italy sent as many as 60,000 soldiers to fight alongside the soldiers of Spanish General Francisco Franco.

Veterans, for this purpose, are defined as people who were members of the armed forces of one of the combatant forces up to and including the date recognized as the end of the War, which was April 1, 1939.

Contents

Republican Forces–19 veterans

Nationality Name Date of Birth Age Residence Force served Notes
Austria Landauer, Hans 01921-04-1919 Apr 1921 91 Austria International Brigade Joined on February 12, 1937. Wounded on September 4, 1937, in Fuendetodos. Arrested in November 1940 and sent to Dachau concentration camp. Lives in Oberwaltersdorf.[1]
Czechoslovakia Dufek, Karel 01916-01-2424 Jan 1916 96 Czech Republic International Brigade Joined in January 1937. Lieutenant-Colonel in Republican Army. Czechoslovak Ambassador in Brazil from 1968-1972.[2]
Czechoslovakia Vodicka, Adolf 01913-01-2626 Jan 1913 99 Czech Republic International Brigade Member of the Sokol Association and youth. Captain in Republican Army. Fought in World War II.[3]
Finland Päiviö, Jules 01915-01-011915 97 Canada Mackenzie-Papineau Battalion Captured by Italian troops from March 1938 to spring 1939 being imprisoned in Burgos. Enlisted in World War II, but was prohibited from fighting on front due to Spanish veterans being treated as Communists. Professor and architect. Lives in Sudbury.[4][5][6]
France Germany Low, Adolphe 01915-07-2121 Jul 1915 96 France Bataillon Edgar André Joined in 1936 after fleeing from Nazis to France. Later fought in French Resistance.[7]
Germany Teppich, Fritz 01918-11-2626 Nov 1918 93 Germany Second Spanish Republic Member of social youth groups during teen years. Joined on 5 September 1936. Member of General Staff of XXII Arrested during World War II for being an "enemy alien". Lives in Berlin.[8]
Estonia Elman, Erik 01919-01-011919 92 Estonia International Brigade Joined in 1938. Volunteer in Republican Army at the Ebro front. Was in a concentration camp. 1941–1949 in Red Army (USSR).[9]
USSR Kondrateva, Adelina 01920-02-1212 Feb 1920 92 Russia Red Army Military interpreter.[10]
USSR Lavski, Victor 01914-01-011914 98 Russia Red Army Bomber pilot. Committed 96 operational flights.[11]
USSR Sossenko, George 01918-12-2020 Dec 1918 93 United States Abraham Lincoln Brigade, Sébastien Faure Century Fought in World War II with Free French. Medical engineer for Michelin Tire. Writer. Lives in Atlanta, Georgia.[12]
USSR Zaitseva, Miroslava 01913-01-011913 99 Russia Red Army Military interpreter.[13]
Spain Morayta, Miguel 01907-08-1515 Aug 1907 104 Mexico Second Spanish Republic Was the youngest artillery officer in the Spanish military when the conflict started. Post war, left Spain for France and Africa, finally arriving in Mexico in 1941 where he started career as film director.[14]
Spain Sampedro, José Luis 01917-02-011 Feb 1917 95 Spain Second Spanish Republic Mobilized in 1936. Writer and novelist.[14]
Spain Ana, Marcos 01920-01-2020 Jan 1920 92 Spain Second Spanish Republic Mobilized in 1936. Secretary general of JSU of Alcala in Peguerinos's zone in 1936. Affiliated to Communist Party of Spain.[14]
Spain Carrillo, Santiago 01915-01-1818 Jan 1915 97 Spain Communists Arrested from October 1934 to February 1936 for participating in the failed 1934 leftist coup. Elected Councillor for Public Order in Defense Council of Madrid on 7 November 1936. Created Workers Party of Spain-Communist Unity. Led Communist forces in Madrid. Writer. Granted honorary doctorate by Autonomous University of Madrid.[15]
Spain Gonzalez Francisco, Luis 01920-01-011920 92 United Kingdom International Brigade Volunteered in 1936. Was captured on 2nd November 1938 in "Puebla de Masaluca" at 20:30 and was a prisoner of war until 1 April 1939.
United Kingdom Kenton, Lou 01908-09-011 Sep 1908 103 United Kingdom International Brigade Joined Communist Party in 1929. Volunteered in early 1937. Served as an Ambulance driver. Awarded Spanish passport on June 9, 2009, in London.[16][17][18][19]
United Kingdom Lomon, David 01918-01-011918 94 United Kingdom International Brigade Captured by Italian soldiers during 1938 Republican retreat. Spent months in prison camp until repatriatad. Joined the Royal Navy during World War II. Obtained passport from Spain in June 2011.[20]
United States Hovan, John George 01916-01-011916 96 United States Abraham Lincoln Brigade Volunteered in 1937. Served as a Transport driver. Granted Spanish honorary citizenship on July 9, 2009. Lives in Providence, Rhode Island.[21]

Nationalist Forces—9 veterans

Nationality Name Date of Birth Age Residence Force served Notes
Germany Scholz, Günther 01911-12-088 Dec 1911 100 Germany Legion Condor, Luftwaffe Joined Navy in 1934. Commander of the 54th JG during World War II. Recipient of the German Cross in Gold. Writer.[22]
Ireland McGuinness, Denis 02012-01-01 Ireland Irish Brigade aka O'Duffy's Bandera Last veteran of the Irish Brigade. Enlisted in December 1936. Discharged in June 1937.[23][24]
Spain Comyn, Alfonso Armada 01920-02-2020 Feb 1920 92 Spain Falange Enlisted aged 16. Later fought as a member of the Division Azul on the Eastern Front.[25][26]
Spain Córdoba, José María Gárate 01918-01-011918 94 Spain Nationalist Army Promoted to captain in 1942. Awarded four medals. Military historian, author, and teacher.[27]
Spain Limia, José Álvarez 01919-08-044 Aug 1919 92 Spain Nationalist Army Served in Barcelona. Writer.[28]
Spain Morera, Martí de Riguer i 01914-05-033 May 1914 97 Spain Spanish Legion Writer. President of the "Real Academia de Buenas Letras de Barcelona" since 1965.[29]
Spain Olivera, Faustino 01919-01-011919 93 Spain Nationalist Army Volunteered in 1937. Wounded on November 11, 1938. Had a bullet removed from his shoulder after 70 years. Lives in Barbastro.[30]
Spain Sierra, Luis de la 01920-01-011920 92 Spain Nationalist Navy Volunteered in 1937. Served on board the cruiser Almirante Cervera. After the war, he became a Spanish Navy officer. He is a notable naval historian, author of at least seven books about naval warfare.[31]
Spain Moldes, Belarmino 01917-08-2929 Aug 1917 94 Spain Nationalist Army Joined the nationalist army in 1935, he was a private first class,he was in the Engineer Corps. and later a chaplain. Joined the Blue Division in 1941 During World War II. He now resides in the suburbs of Madrid. He was born in Biobra a parish of Rubiá in Galicia (Spain) on August 29,1917. He was in La Coruna in the first year of the war and in the last few years of the war he was in the Battle of Teruel in the last few months of the war until victory. He was in training in Asturias for the Nationalist Army in 1935. After WW2 he and his family left for Havana and came back to Spain a few years before Franco's death.

World Totals–28 veterans

See also

References

  1. ^ Solinís, Pedro (2005-10). "La dignidad del resistente" (in Spanish). Mundo Obrero. http://www.nodo50.org/pce/mundoobrero/mopl.php?id=390. Retrieved 2009-11-21.
  2. ^ "podplukovník Karel Dufek (1916) - Životopis" (in Czech). Post Bellum. http://www.pametnaroda.cz/witness/index/id/42. Retrieved 2010-10-27.
  3. ^ "kapitán Adolf Vodička (1913) - Životopis" (in Czech). Post Bellum. http://www.pametnaroda.cz/witness/index/id/44. Retrieved 2009-06-05.
  4. ^ Oinonen, Virpi. "Man of conviction". Vapaa Sana. http://www.vapaasana.com/24-06-julespaivio.htm. Retrieved 2010-10-20.
  5. ^ Mackey, Doug (2008-04-25). "Local Man in New Book on Spanish Civil War". Community Voices. http://www.pastforward.ca/perspectives/columns/08_04_25.htm. Retrieved 2010-10-27.
  6. ^ Mäkinen, Juha (2007-10). "On behalf of Spain" (in Finnish). Voima. http://fifi.voima.fi/voima-artikkeli/2007/numero-10/espanjan-puolesta. Retrieved 2010-10-26.
  7. ^ Adolphe Low: Mein Weg nach Spanien. „informationen“ Studienkreis Deutscher Widerstand 1933–1945 e. V., Heft 49, Mai 1999
  8. ^ "Fritz Teppich, der letzte Spanienkämpfer" (in German). RP Online. 2009-01-02. http://www.rp-online.de/politik/Fritz-Teppich-der-letzte-Spanienkaempfer_aid_656368.html. Retrieved 2010-10-26.
  9. ^ Leppik, Tatyana (2006-06-17). "Последний участник гражданской войны в Испании растит сад и пишет мемуары" (in Russian). Северное побережье. http://rus.pohjarannik.ee/modules.php?name=News&file=article&sid=2109. Retrieved 2011-01-15.
  10. ^ Владимир, ПОТОЦКИЙ (2008-10-11). "Испания встречает своих героев" (in Russian). Европейский русский альянс. http://eursa.eu/node/1802. Retrieved 2009-10-02.
  11. ^ "Легендарному фронтовику вернули похищенные ордена" (in Russian). NewsTube. 2010-11-20. http://www.newstube.ru/media/legendarnomu-frontoviku-vernuli-poxishhennye-ordena. Retrieved 2010-12-24.
  12. ^ "Brigadistas Internacionales en la Guerra Civil de España" (in Spanish). US Times. http://ustimes.com/Sossenko/brigadas.html. Retrieved 2010-10-27.
  13. ^ «Вечерка» объявляет акцию «Народный памятник» (in Russian)
  14. ^ a b c Regalado, Antonio (2009-10-30). "Miguel Morayta: Un olvido de cine". ABC. http://www.abc.es/hemeroteca/historico-30-10-2009/abc/Toledo/miguel-morayta-un-olvido-de-cine_1131083948429.html. Retrieved 2010-10-27.
  15. ^ Carrillo miente, 156 documentos contra 103 falsedades, Ricardo de la Cierva
  16. ^ Haynes, Deborah (2009-05-26). "Spanish Civil War volunteers are granted citizenship 70 years on". The Times. http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/world/europe/article6360886.ece. Retrieved 2010-10-27.
  17. ^ Haslam, Chris (2007-10-21). "Band of brothers". The Times. p. 6. http://entertainment.timesonline.co.uk/tol/arts_and_entertainment/books/article2688486.ece?token=null&offset=60. Retrieved 2010-10-27.
  18. ^ Katz, Ian (2000-11-10). "'I shall never forget it, as long as I live'". The Guardian. http://www.guardian.co.uk/g2/story/0,,395345,00.html. Retrieved 2010-10-27.
  19. ^ [1]
  20. ^ [2]
  21. ^ Abbruzzese of AP, Kelsey (2009-07-09). "American, 93, Honored as Spanish War Vet". CBS News [. http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2009/07/09/national/main5146669.shtml. Retrieved 2010-10-27.
  22. ^ "Im Einsatz über Europa Der Jagdflieger Günther Scholz erinnert" (in German). 2009. http://www.militaria-buchversand.de/product_info.php?info=p367_Am-Himmel-Europas--Der-Jagdflieger-Guenther-Scholz-erinnert-sich.html. Retrieved 2010-10-27.
  23. ^ McGuinness, Niamh (2006). "A Bandera volunteer remembers". http://irelandscw.com/band-DMcG.htm. Retrieved 2010-10-27.
  24. ^ "Obituary for one of the last Bandera volunteers - Update 2nd Sept 2008". Ireland and the Spanish Civil War. 2008-09-02. http://irelandscw.com/top-Contents-OD.htm. Retrieved 2010-10-27.
  25. ^ Martínez Ínglés, Amadeo: 23-F. El golpe que nunca existió, Foca, Madrid, 2001. ISBN 84-95440-13-X
  26. ^ Aguilar, Miguel Angel (1982-02-21). "Hubo careo Suárez-Armada en el otoño de 1977" (in Spanish). El País. http://www.elpais.com/articulo/espana/ARMADA_COMYN/_ALFONSO_/MILITAR_23-F/SUAREZ/_ADOLFO/ESPAnA/GOLPISMO_EN_ESPAnA_/_23-F_/23-2-1981/Hubo/careo/Suarez-Armada/otono/1977/elpepiesp/19820221elpepinac_7/Tes/. Retrieved 2010-10-27.
  27. ^ Córdoba, José (1972). Mil días de fuego: Memorias documentadas de la guerra del treinta y seis. Caralt Editores.
  28. ^ José Álvarez Limia's official website (in Spanish)
  29. ^ "Martín de Riquer" (in Spanish). Lecturalia. http://www.lecturalia.com/autor/3930/martin-de-riquer. Retrieved 2010-10-27.
  30. ^ Govan, Fiona (2008-02-13). "Spanish civil war veteran has bullet removed". Telegraph Media Group. http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/1578553/Spanish-civil-war-veteran-has-bullet-removed.html. Retrieved 2009-09-04.
  31. ^ Lago, José (2010-10-03). "UN RECUERDO AL CAPITÁN DE FRAGATA DON LUIS DE LA SIERRA" (in Spanish). Historia Lago. http://www.historialago.com/av_0205_delasierra_01.htm. Retrieved 2010-10-27.

External links

Lists of known Spanish Civil War veterans' deaths by year

Numbers in brackets indicate the number of veterans known to die that year 2000–05 (36) · 2006 (12) · 2007 (10) · 2008 (11) · 2009 (8) · 2010 (9) · 2011 (4) · 2012 (1)
Longevity
Terminology Centenarian · Supercentenarian · Maximum life span · Life extension · Life expectancy · Immortality (Biological immortality)
Issues Alleged Brazilian supercentenarians · Longevity claims · Incomplete longevity claims · Longevity myths · People reported to have lived beyond 130
Records Oldest people · Oldest people by year of birth · 100 verified oldest people (males · females) · Oldest people by nation · Oldest living people by nation · Longest marriages · Oldest twins
Centenarians Living · Activists, non-profit leaders, and philanthropists · Actors, filmmakers, and entertainers · Artists · Authors, poets, and journalists · Businessmen · Educators, school administrators, social scientists, and linguists · Explorers · Jurists and practitioners of law · Medical professionals · Military commanders · Musicians, composers, and music patrons · Philosophers and theologians · Politicians and government servants · Religious figures · Royalty and nobility · Scientists and mathematicians · Sportspeople · Miscellaneous
Supercentenarians Living · Deaths by year (before 1980 · 1980s · 1990s · 2000 · 2001 · 2002 · 2003 · 2004 · 2005 · 2006 · 2007 · 2008 · 2009 · 2010 · 2011 · 2012) By continent (Europe) By country (Australia · Austria · Belgium · Canada · Denmark · Finland · France · Germany · Italy · Japan · Netherlands · Norway · Portugal · Puerto Rico · Spain · Sweden · Switzerland · United Kingdom · United States)
War-related lists List of last surviving veterans of military insurgencies and wars (European · American · Canadian) · Last surviving World War I veterans by country · Surviving veterans of the Spanish Civil War · Living recipients of the Knight's Cross · Last survivors of historic events
Non-human Long-living organisms · List of oldest trees · List of oldest dogs
See also Gerontology · Ageing · Life extension-related topics · Extreme longevity tracking · FOXO3 longevity gene

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